Starting mechanism for internal-combustion engines.



F. EDHOLM.

STARTING MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9, 1918.

1,291,805. Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

F. EDHOLM.

STARTING MFCHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED rams, 1918.

1,291,805. Patented Jan.21,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- F. EDHOLNI.

STARTING MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9, l9l8.

1,291,805, Patented Jan. 21,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

rnnnmc nnnonm, or nsnrnsruna, swnnnn, AssI'eNo'n r0 MUNKTELLS mnmrsm vnnxs'rnnns AKTIEBOLAG, or ESKILSTUNA, swnnnn', a conromrlon or SWEDEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

Application filed February 9,, 1918. serial no. 210,240.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Fmaonmc EoH'oLM, a citizen of the Kingdom of Sweden, residing at Eskilstuna, Sweden, have invented new and useful Improved Starting Mechanism for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines of the kind which are started and reversed by means of compressed gas or air the supply of which is controlled by valves actuated by cam operated levers. The object of the invention is to provide an im r'oved starting device for engines of the said kind which is simple in construction and eflicient in use. 4

To this end the invention consists of the novel devices and combinations of devices hereinafter described, and defined in the claims.

In the drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the invention, Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section, of a device embodying the invention, showing those parts only which are necessary for the understanding of the invention. Fig. 1 is an end view of the control lever. Fig. 2 is an end view of the device with the shafts in cross-section. Fig. 2 is a corresponding elevation of the controllever. In Figs. 1-2 the different parts are shown in their neutral position. Figs. 3, 3, 4, 4" show views corresponding to Figs. 1, 1, 2, 2 of the de vice adjusted for starting the engine in the forward direction. Figs. 5, 5, 6, 6 are similar views of the device adjusted for starting the engine in the reversed direction. Figs. 7 and 8 are longitudinal section and cross-section, respectively, of part of a device according to another embodiment of the invention. Figs. 9 and 10 are similar sections of iparts of a third embodiment of the invention. Fig, 11 is a total diagrammatic view of a plurality of cylinders of one and the same engine with their starting devices.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 6" 1 indicates the starting valve of an internal combustion engine adapted to be started by compressed gas or air, and2 is the compressed gas or air supply controlled by the valve 1. Rigidly attached to a shaft 3 which is driven by the engine in any convenient manner, is an actuating devlce comprising a cam disk 4 having two cams 5 and 6, corresponding to the forward and reversed direction of movement of the engine, respectively. A shaft 7 parallel to the shaft 3 supports an eccentric 8 which in turn supports the hub 9 of a double lever 10, 11' one arm 10 of which carries an. antifriction roller 12 adapted to be engaged by the cam 5 or 6, as the case may be, while the other arm 11 of the lever is adapted to operate the stem of the valve 1.

. The shaft 7 is both slidably and rotatably mounted in suitable bearings, the movements of the shaft. 7 bein effected by means of a hand lever 13 rigid y attached to the shaft, and engaging a guide-way 1 1 formed in the stationary frame-of the engine. Said guideway consists of a Z-shaped slot havin a central portion extending in the longitudlnal direction of the shaft 7, and two end portions at right an les thereto.

In order to ena le the lever 10, 11' moving axially with the shaft 7 to be moved into operative position with respect to the stem of the valve 1 irrespective of the longitudinal displacement of the shaft, the valve stem is provided with a head 15 extending parallel to the shaft 7. It is obvious, that such a head may, if desired, be provided on the lever arm 11 instead of on the valve stem.

The device above described operates as follows: While the engine is at rest 01" is running at normal speed, the lever 13 is in its neutral position, as shown in Figs. 1, 1

and 2", in which the roller 12 is in a position just between the cams 5 and 6. When it is desired to start the engine in the forward direction of movement, the lever 13 is moved to the right from the position shown in Fig. 1 bringing with it the shaft 7. At the end of this movement the roller 12 is just opposite the cam 5. The roller 12 will, however, during this movement be out of reach of said cam, so that the latter cannot prevent the longitudinal displacement of the shaft 7. The lever 1.3 is thereupon turned into the position shown in Figs. 3'- and 4*. By this turnin movement of the lever 13 and, consequent y, also of the shaft 7, the eccentric 8 is moved from the position shown'in Fig. 2 to the position shown in Fig. 4, thereby moving the lever 10, 11 laterally to the position shown in Fig. 4 in which the roller 12 is in reach of the cam 5, and the lever arm 11 bears against the head 15 of the valve stem. If in this movement, the cam 5 is right behind the roller 152, so that-the latter immediately engages with the cam the lever 11 Wllll due to the contmoed movement out the eccentric 3 loo swung inwardly to open the valve l sot-oatcompressed gas or air will be admitted to the engine to start the latter immediately the cam 5 is in soother position the crankshaft oi the engine is to lee turned until the cam 5 engages the roller 1% thereby causing the lever It'll, lit to open the valve After starting the lever 13 is lorooglot be position shown in Figs. fl, lit.

If it is desired to start the engine in the reversed direction oil movement the lever 13 is moved. to the end. oi? the slot 1% and then turned to toe position in Figs, 5% 8 The longitudinal displacement of Y moves the roller 12 to the left to a position in front oi the com o and by the turning movement of the shaft 7 the roller 12 is moved into the oath oftlle said cam it In the same Way as described above in connection. with the starting for running in the forward direction of movemerit; the valve It may lie opened immediately or alter a more or less towing of the creel: shaft of the engine, Alter the start- All log, the lever 13 is brought back to the zoomtral posltmn shows in Fags. l and l The devrce described may oe modtlied m several Ways Without departing from theprinciple of. the invention. For instance the lever l3 may be turned. to the same direction for starting in either direction. The Z-slmped guiding slot will in such a case be substituted loy e llslmped slot,

losteed of the double movement oil the lever 13 one. movement only of said. lever may be used for each starting operation, Figs. Z, 8 and 9,10 show two diilereot arrangements oi means for obtaining this olo jec llte cams 5 tl, the lever l0, ll and the valve 1 may lie errsoged is the some ay as described with reference-to Figs. l to 6 With reference to l and 8, lee 7 is provided with a screvv tlaread it having a great angle of inclination eogaeiaag in a correspondingly threaded opening rormed the frame of the engine. The lever 13 is fork-shaped and pivotally mounted on ejournal it? so as to move in a olorne parallel to the shalt l. The latter carrles a pivotelly mounted ring 70, which is embraced. ty tlie' limlos oi the and provided "with pins 71 engaging longitudinal slots formed to the said limbs oneot said. pies la-eioeg sliovvo k in'l ig. 7n i l-guiding are 18 is provided for the lever 13, and in this are a central notch 19 is formed adopted to lee engaged by a spring operated pin. 18% slidebly mounted in the latter to moist-sin the lever l8 vvitla a gentlegpressure is its central or oeotrel position in which the starting meclaeo'lsm out election By moviogtlie lever lit aloogg to the a sesses mounted on a journal 22 to move in a plane parallel to the shaft 7, a guiding are 18 losing provlded 101' the lever? in Big. 9, ll indicates the position of the head 21 in the central positions of the lever While ll and Ill indicate the positions of said head in the end positions of the lever 13. As will be readily understood, the angular movement of the shaft Y will in this case be rather small. Hence it is necessary to choose the degree of eccentricity of the eccentric 8 correspond ingly greater in order to insure suilicient movement of the lever l0 ll ln mum-cylinder engines one set of cams 5 and 6 as Well as one lever 10, ll is used for the startle 1 valve of each cylinder. All on? the cam disks t are attached to a common shaft 3, and all of the levers 10, ll are mounted on a common shaft 7, a shown in Fig. 11 lo multi-cylioder engines it elvvays happens that the cam 5 or '6, as the case may be, of one cylinder at least will be right opposite the corresponding roller '12 so as to be engaged by the same at. the ongolar movement of the shaft 7' thereby elfecting the opening of the corresponding starting valve 1. llhe engine Wlll thus allways be started immedilatel upon the-angular movement of the shaft 0 The devices above described may not only be used for starting, purposes loot rcav also /Vhat ll claim, and desire to secure by Letl. The combination with the starting valve of an internal comloostion engine adapted to be started lay means of compressed gas, of a cam disk, a slidably and rotatalolv mounted shalt, a lever mounted on said shaft for operating the starting valve under the control of the cam disk, said lever being adapted to loe moved into operative position by axial displacement and turnlog of said shalt.

2. The combination with the starting valve of an internal combustion engine adapted to be started loy means of compressed gas, of a cam disk, a sliclably and rotatably mounted shalt an eccentric attached to said shaft, a lever mounted on said eccentric to operate the startle valve under the control of the cam disk, said lever losing edapted to be moved into operative fllltll lll its memos position by axial displacement and turning of said shaft.

3. The combination with the starting valve of an internal combustion engine adapted to be started by means of compressed gas, of a cam disk having two cams, adapted to work for forward and reversed direction of movement of the engine, respectively, a slidably and rotatably mounted shaft, an eccentric on said shaft, a lever mounted on said eccentric for operating the starting valve under the control of the cams of the cam disk, said lever being adapted to be moved into operative positlon with respect to the desired cam by displacing the shaft in a certain direction and then turning the same. I I

4. The combination with the starting valve of an internal combustion engine adapted to be started by means of compressed gas, of a cam disk, 9. slidably and rotatably mounted shaft, an eccentric on said shaft, a lever mounted on said eccentric for operating the starting valve under the control of the cam disk, an antifriction roller mounted on said lever for engaging with the cam disk, said lever being adapted to be moved into operative position by axial displacement and turning of said shaft.

5. The combination with the starting valve of an internal combustion engine adapted to be started by means of compressed gas, of a cam disk, having two cams adapted to work for forward and reversed direction of movement of the engine, respectively, a slidably and rotatably mounted shaft, an eccentric on said shaft, a lever mounted on said eccentric for operating the starting valve under the control of the cams, said lever being adapted to be moved into operative position by axial displacement and turning of the said shaft, a valve stem, a

projection on said valve stem extending parallel with the said shaft, said projection being adapted to be acted upon by the said lever irrespective of the longitudinal displacement of the said shaft.

6. The combination with the starting valve of an internal combustion engine adapted to be started by compressed gas, of a cam disk, a slidably and rotatably mounted shaft, an eccentric on said shaft, a lever mounted on said eccentric for operating the valve under the control of said cam disk, a hand lever attached to the said shaft for operating the same, a stationary guiding slot for said hand lever to permit the successive movement thereof in two directions at right angles to each other.

7. The combination with the starting valves of an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders and adapted to be started by means of compressed gas, of a cam disk for each of the cylinders, a slidably and rotatably mounted shaft, a

plurality of eccentrics on said shaft correvalve, of an actuating device, a valve operating device, and means for moving the latter axially and laterally to bring it into operative relation with the actuating device.

9. In a starting mechanism for combustion engines, the combination with a starting valve, of a valve operating lever, means for actuating the lever, and means to move the latter axially andlaterally into and out of operative relation with the actuating means.

10. In a starting mechanism for combustion engines, the combination with a starting valve, of a cam disk, a valve operating lever, a rotatable and axially movable shaft carrying the latter, and means operated by the rotation of the shaft for moving the lever into operative relation to the cam disk 11. In a starting mechanism for combustion engines, the combination with a starting valve, of a camdisk, a valve operating lever. a rotatable and axially movable shaft carrying the latter, means operated by the rotation of the shaft for moving the lever into operative relation to the cam disk, and means on the lever to maintain it in opera'tive relation to the valve during the axial movement of the shaft.

12. In a starting mechanism for combustion engines, the combination with a starting valve, of a rotatable cam disk, a valve operating lever, a shaft carrying the latter, means to rotate and axially move the shaft. and a cam on the shaft to move the lever into and out of the path of the cam disk.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name. 

